{"id":21,"date":"2026-06-04T08:36:00","date_gmt":"2026-06-04T01:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/banggiakholanh.com\/?p=21"},"modified":"2026-06-04T08:36:00","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T01:36:00","slug":"cau-tao-kho-lanh-va-nguyen-ly-van-hanh-ma-chu-dau-tu-can-nam-ro","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/banggiakholanh.com\/cau-tao-kho-lanh-va-nguyen-ly-van-hanh-ma-chu-dau-tu-can-nam-ro\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o kho l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm r\u00f5"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/banggiakholanh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/bc_20501_4337.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 kho l\u1ea1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e0 b\u1ecf qua ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: kho l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ra sao. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n trao \u0111\u1ed5i s\u00f2ng ph\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb thi c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ecb t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n th\u1eeba thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ed9i gi\u00e1 v\u00f4 l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t sai c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd m\u1ed5 x\u1ebb chi ti\u1ebft t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<h2>V\u1ecf kho v\u00e0 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t panel<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1ecf kho, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m panel c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t. Panel th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 panel PU (polyurethane) v\u1edbi l\u00f5i foam c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u1edf gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 hai m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 t\u00f4n m\u1ea1 m\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c inox. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y panel quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t: kho m\u00e1t th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng panel d\u00e0y 50mm \u0111\u1ebfn 75mm, trong khi kho \u0111\u00f4ng s\u00e2u c\u1ea7n panel 100mm \u0111\u1ebfn 150mm \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng panel th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng foam. Foam \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng kho\u1ea3ng 40kg\/m3 tr\u1edf l\u00ean; foam qu\u00e1 nh\u1eb9 s\u1ebd x\u1ed1p, d\u1ec5 ng\u1eadm n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9 sau v\u00e0i n\u0103m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb hay c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m, v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb9o \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u xem m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft t\u1ea5m panel m\u1eabu v\u00e0 b\u1ebb th\u1eed mi\u1ebfng foam \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c ch\u1eafc.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m panel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3a camlock \u00e2m trong t\u1ea5m, gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p nhanh v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed1i gh\u00e9p k\u00edn kh\u00edt. Ph\u1ea7n ch\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1eddng, g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eafn keo silicon chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdt kh\u00ed l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ng\u0103n h\u01a1i \u1ea9m x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ecdng s\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ee5m m\u00e1y n\u00e9n v\u00e0 d\u00e0n ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5<\/h2>\n<p>Tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a kho l\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 c\u1ee5m m\u00e1y n\u00e9n, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1ee5m d\u00e0n n\u00f3ng. M\u00e1y n\u00e9n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e9n m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh \u1edf d\u1ea1ng h\u01a1i l\u00ean \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea9y qua d\u00e0n ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5. T\u1ea1i d\u00e0n ng\u01b0ng, m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec7t ra ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed nh\u1edd qu\u1ea1t th\u1ed5i v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i sang th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do d\u00e0n n\u00f3ng lu\u00f4n t\u1ecfa h\u01a1i \u1ea5m v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf n\u01a1i th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng, tr\u00e1nh h\u1ed1c k\u00edn khi\u1ebfn m\u00e1y qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f9y quy m\u00f4, m\u00e1y n\u00e9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i piston cho kho nh\u1ecf, lo\u1ea1i xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c scroll cho kho v\u1eeba, ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y n\u00e9n tr\u1ee5c v\u00edt cho c\u00e1c kho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng. M\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m m\u00e1y qu\u00e1 y\u1ebfu s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec9, nhanh h\u1ecfng; ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u1ee5m qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh g\u00e2y l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng ng\u1eaft li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u0169ng h\u1ea1i m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<h2>D\u00e0n l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bay h\u01a1i<\/h2>\n<p>B\u00ean trong kho l\u00e0 d\u00e0n l\u1ea1nh, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u00e0n bay h\u01a1i. M\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u1eeb d\u00e0n n\u00f3ng \u0111i qua van ti\u1ebft l\u01b0u, gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t v\u00e0 bay h\u01a1i trong d\u00e0n l\u1ea1nh. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bay h\u01a1i n\u00e0y h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong kho, l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng. Qu\u1ea1t d\u00e0n l\u1ea1nh th\u1ed5i lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed l\u1ea1nh tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n kh\u1eafp kho \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u, tr\u00e1nh ch\u1ed7 qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh ch\u1ed7 l\u1ea1i \u1ea5m.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi kho \u0111\u00f4ng, d\u00e0n l\u1ea1nh s\u1ebd b\u1ecb b\u00e1m tuy\u1ebft theo th\u1eddi gian, n\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lu\u00f4n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng x\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng gas n\u00f3ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, l\u1edbp tuy\u1ebft d\u00e0y s\u1ebd b\u1ecbt k\u00edn d\u00e0n, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y m\u00e3i m\u00e0 kho v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n<h2>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh<\/h2>\n<p>To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t b\u1edfi t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec7t mong mu\u1ed1n, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eadt t\u1eaft m\u00e1y n\u00e9n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong kho\u1ea3ng cho ph\u00e9p. C\u00e1c kho hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, r\u01a1 le b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao th\u1ea5p, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 h\u1eb9n gi\u1edd x\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t gi\u00fap h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a an to\u00e0n ngay c\u1ea3 khi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ban \u0111\u00eam kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00f4ng coi.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gas l\u1ea1nh, l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chu tr\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed3m R22 \u0111ang d\u1ea7n b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u00ec h\u1ea1i t\u1ea7ng ozone, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 R404A, R134a, R32. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, chi ph\u00ed n\u1ea1p b\u1ed5 sung v\u1ec1 sau v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 t\u00ednh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd theo l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu<\/h2>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i b\u1ed1n c\u1ee5m ch\u00ednh k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean, m\u1ed9t kho l\u1ea1nh ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u1eeda kho l\u1ea1nh chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 gio\u0103ng k\u00edn, b\u1ea3n l\u1ec1 ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1t m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/li>\n<li>M\u00e0n nh\u1ef1a PVC trong su\u1ed1t treo \u1edf c\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t l\u1ea1nh m\u1ed7i khi ra v\u00e0o.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng ch\u1ed1ng \u1ea9m, ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n<li>Van \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1p c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t khi \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1edf c\u1eeda, tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1eeda b\u1ecb h\u00fat ch\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0ng c\u00f3 s\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng l\u00e0m t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Khi n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec sao b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 v\u1ecf kho, m\u00e0 \u1edf th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u m\u00e1y n\u00e9n, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng panel, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e0n l\u1ea1nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m \u1edf m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i n\u00e0y. Hi\u1ec3u c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m khi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean gi\u00fap ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 kho l\u1ea1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e0 b\u1ecf qua ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: kho l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ra sao. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n trao \u0111\u1ed5i s\u00f2ng ph\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb thi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":20,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chua-phan-loai"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/banggiakholanh.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/banggiakholanh.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/banggiakholanh.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/banggiakholanh.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/banggiakholanh.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/banggiakholanh.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/banggiakholanh.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/banggiakholanh.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/banggiakholanh.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}